commander. On 20 May 1764 his noble rank
was confirmed in Dublin by the Archbishop
of Armagh and four bishops. In 1768 he
married a Spanish lady from San Sebastian,
Maria de las Casas y Aragorri. The following
year he was appointed general of the Spanish
military forces and sent to Havana to lead
the troops in quelling an uprising in
Louisiana, and soon after rose to become
Governor and Captain General of that state.
On 29 October 1770 he returned to Spain
where he was appointed Commander General
of Madrid. 8 In 1776 he was appointed
Captain General of Andaluzia, a position he
occupied for ten years, and he was also
political and military governor of Cadiz from
1781. 9 There are several other similarly
shaped tureens also with moulded
decoration, but with different enamel
decoration, for example in the Östasiatiska
Museet, Stockholm, 10 in the Henry Francis
du Pont Winterthur Museum, Delaware, 11
and in private Portuguese collections, as well
as others.
As proof of how widely various designs
circulated throughout the different European
markets, there are similar tureens either with
floral decoration only, 12 or with coats of
arms of families from other European
countries, for example, Cruz Sobral from
Portugal (one example in a private
collection, 13 and another in the Fundação
Medeiros e Almeida, Lisbon), Grips Holm from
Sweden, 14 and this tureen for the Spanish
market.
1 Heraldic description by MLCB.
2 Fennimore and Halfpenny, 2000, p. 92, no. 47.
3 Gonzalez-Doria, 1994, p. 189.
4 Grenham, 1993, pp. 176-77.
5 Idem, ibid., p. 100.
6 Burke, 2006, pp. 115-16.
7 Burke, 1989, p. 761.
8 Our thanks to Antonio Diez de Rivera for
identification of the arms and information about the
armiger.
9 See Rocío Díaz,
Porcelana china para España,
to be
published in 2010.
10 Wirgin, 1998, p. 159, no. 168.
11 Fennimore and Halfpenny, ibid. pp. 92-93, no. 47.
12 Antunes, 1998, pp. 259-260, nos. 78-79.
13 Teixeira
et al
., 1991, pp. 344 and 348, no. III 31;
Fennimore and Halfpenny, ibid., pp. 92-93, no. 47.
14 Wirgin, ibid.
276 .
ARMORIAL CHINESE EXPORT PORCELAIN